Issue brief - Congressional Research Service via Congress.gov
S-001 - CRS IF10183
Corroborating conduit for the Section 3 FY2023 foreign-assistance obligations total of approximately $99.9B.
Evidence Library
Sources
Every published figure should point to a source, a section, a basis, and any unresolved limitation.
Structured source records
This release publishes source metadata, citation-verification status, and claim-level trace links for the records already cited in the converted sections. If an official canonical URL could not be verified, the page says so explicitly instead of guessing.
Statute - Office of the Law Revision Counsel, U.S. House of Representatives
S-002 - 8 U.S.C. Sec. 1641(b)
Qualified-alien definition used throughout the domestic eligibility framework.
Statute - Office of the Law Revision Counsel, U.S. House of Representatives
S-003 - 8 U.S.C. Sec. 1611
Federal public-benefit restriction baseline for non-qualified aliens, including the emergency-medical exception structure.
Statute - Office of the Law Revision Counsel, U.S. House of Representatives
S-004 - 8 U.S.C. Sec. 1613
Five-year bar and related exceptions for federal means-tested public benefits.
Glossary - U.S. Government Accountability Office
S-005 - GAO Budget Glossary (GAO-05-734SP)
Primary budget-accounting terminology for appropriation, obligation, outlay, and number-type separation.
Glossary - Congressional Budget Office
S-006 - CBO Common Budgetary Terms Explained
Companion budgetary definitions used to corroborate number-type discipline throughout the publication.
Dataset landing page - U.S. Department of State / USAID / reporting agencies
S-038 - ForeignAssistance.gov financial datasets
Primary aggregate dataset for foreign-assistance obligations and disbursements used in Section 3.
Research summary - Pew Research Center
S-039 - Pew foreign-aid reporting summary
Corroborating conduit for FY2023 foreign-assistance disbursements, agency composition, and military-share context.
Data answer page - USAFacts
S-040 - USAFacts foreign-aid reporting summary
Corroborating conduit for later-year obligations in the international-assistance lane.
Budget tables PDF - U.S. Department of State
S-042 - State Supplementary Tables FY2025
Account-level foreign-assistance tables retained for next-pass pulls and account composition checks.
Issue brief - Congressional Research Service via Congress.gov
S-043 - CRS IF11437
Used to distinguish taxpayer-funded military aid from allied-funded foreign military sales.
Oversight portal - UkraineOversight.gov
S-044 - UkraineOversight.gov
Primary oversight source for Ukraine appropriated-versus-disbursed context used in the illustrative Section 4 lane.
Agency reporting - U.S. Department of State
S-045 - State Department Ukraine/Israel aid reporting
Primary State reporting used in the illustrative Section 4 examples for identifiable aid flows.
Oversight report - U.S. Government Accountability Office
S-046 - GAO drawdown valuation reporting
Used for the reported drawdown overvaluation issue and to keep transfer value separate from replacement appropriations.
Contextual analysis - Centre for Economic Policy Research
S-047 - New analysis from Economists for Ukraine: The cost of U.S. aid to Ukraine is less than half the official figures
Retained as disconfirming or bounding context for delivered-value discussions in Section 4.
Tracker / explainer - Council on Foreign Relations
S-048 - Council on Foreign Relations aid tracker context
Used as contextual corroboration for Section 4's illustrative examples.
Report - Congressional Research Service via Congress.gov
S-049 - CRS RL33222
Primary congressional source for Israel FMF, missile-defense, and OSP context used in Section 4.
Program manual - Defense Security Cooperation Agency
S-050 - DSCA SAMM and related security-cooperation materials
Program framework source for marginal or pending security-cooperation lanes surrounding Section 5 Block B.
Joint report - U.S. Department of State / U.S. Department of Defense
S-051 - State FMTR
Foreign Military Training Report used as supporting context in the military-aid lane.
Issue brief - Congressional Research Service via Congress.gov
S-052 - CRS IF12040
Component-level CRS source for Ukraine security-assistance figures used in Section 5 reconciliation.
Insight - Congressional Research Service via Congress.gov
S-053 - CRS IN12453
CRS source for cumulative PDA replacement and related Ukraine security-assistance figures.
Report - Congressional Research Service via Congress.gov
S-054 - CRS R48182
CRS source for USAI and related Ukraine military-assistance figures used in Block A.
Oversight report - U.S. Government Accountability Office
S-055 - GAO-23-105842
Primary source for the Section 333 Build Partner Capacity historical figure used in the recurring annual lane.
Oversight report - U.S. Government Accountability Office
S-056 - GAO-24-107232
GAO source for the FY2022-2023 subset of PDA replacement figures retained in reconciliation.
Infographic - U.S. Department of Defense
S-057 - Ukraine Security Assistance Infographic
DoD summary used to verify separation between USAI and PDA replacement lines in Section 5.
Budget justification PDF - Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)
S-058 - DoD CTEF J-Books
Primary source for the Counter-ISIS Train and Equip Fund figure used in the recurring annual lane.
Statute - Office of the Law Revision Counsel, U.S. House of Representatives
S-059 - 10 U.S.C. Sec. 333
Statutory authority for the Section 333 Build Partner Capacity lane.
Program documentation - Administration for Children and Families, Office of Refugee Resettlement
S-060 - ORR program documents
Program documents used to identify ORR base program lines such as RSS and T&MS in Section 6.
Program documentation - Administration for Children and Families, Office of Refugee Resettlement
S-061 - ORR entrant-assistance program materials
Supporting ORR materials for entrant cash, medical, or service pathways discussed in Section 6.
Federal spending account page - USAspending.gov
S-062 - USAspending account 075-1503
Federal account reference for Refugee and Entrant Assistance used to anchor the Section 6 lane.
Fact sheet - Administration for Children and Families, Office of Refugee Resettlement
S-063 - ORR service-delivery and provider-route materials
Supporting ORR material for provider, state, and voluntary-agency delivery pathways in Section 6.
Quick take - KFF
S-064 - KFF emergency Medicaid analysis
Corroborating source for the Section 7 emergency Medicaid figure and the provider-capture framing.
Federal administrative guidance / press release - Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
S-065 - CMS-64 / MACPAC emergency Medicaid reporting
Primary source of record for the Section 7 emergency Medicaid figure.
Report - Congressional Research Service via Congress.gov
S-067 - Noncitizen Eligibility for Federal Housing Programs
Primary structural source for housing-program eligibility, Section 214 limits, and status-verification rules.
Agency guidance PDF - U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
S-068 - HUD program guidance
HUD guidance used alongside CRS to explain proration and status-verification rules in Section 10.
Eligibility guidance - U.S. Department of Education Federal Student Aid
S-069 - Plyler / federal education-aid legal framework
Primary legal framework for status-blind K-12 access and federal student-aid eligibility boundaries used in Section 11.
Report - Congressional Research Service via Congress.gov
S-070 - Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2024 Appropriations
Appropriations source for Refugee and Entrant Assistance and related ORR emergency funding in Section 6.
Program documentation - Administration for Children and Families, Office of Refugee Resettlement
S-071 - ORR / HHS additional resettlement support materials
Supporting ORR documentation used to map the service and provider structure of Section 6.
Annual statistical report - Social Security Administration
S-072 - SSA SSI program totals
Primary SSI program totals used in Section 9 for the overall payment baseline and average payment amount.
Statistical report section - Social Security Administration
S-073 - SSA noncitizen SSI data
Primary source for the noncitizen SSI recipient count used in Section 9.
Research / characteristics page - USDA Food and Nutrition Service
S-074 - USDA-FNS SNAP characteristics data
Primary SNAP program and participant-composition data used in Section 8.
Administrative data report - Administration for Children and Families
S-075 - ACF TANF totals and characteristics
Published TANF totals and characteristics used only to frame why TANF remains largely routed to Section 13.
Modeled analysis - Cato Institute
S-076 - Immigrant and Native Consumption of Means-Tested Welfare and Entitlement Benefits in 2023
Directional, non-canonical context retained in Section 9 but not adopted as a Total A figure.
Agency reporting - U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
S-077 - HUD ineligible-tenant reporting
Closest primary figure used in Section 10 for ineligible individuals inside assisted housing structures.
Cost estimate / analysis - Congressional Budget Office
S-078 - CBO emergency Medicaid cost reporting
CBO time-window context for emergency Medicaid, retained in reconciliation but not as a competing annual figure.
Congressional press / memo - U.S. House Budget Committee
S-079 - House Budget Committee emergency Medicaid context
Subset-period emergency Medicaid context retained in Table 14-H reconciliation.
Projection - Congressional Budget Office
S-080 - CBO immigration-surge projection context
Forward-looking context explicitly kept out of adopted totals because it is a projection and includes out-of-scope categories.